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The Operating system reads the
information from process control block of the exe file and loads the exe data
and instruction sets to the memory location. Once loaded the Operating see your
exe as the running process. The processor will execute the
instruction set of the all loaded process (Multi-tasking OS like windows). When
the memory required to run the new process waiting in the queue is not adequate
and the process has high priority the OS swaps the exe content (Instruction set
part) and the state (All the global variable values) to the physical disc. The
process (Your exe) is not terminated and suspended for some time. Once your
process needs the execution of instruction set, OS will take the Image of the
process from the disc and keeps that in main memory. This is called swapping.
Some people say virtual memory. This is shown below:
In
the above picture, processor executes the instruction set from code segment of
exe, which allocated on the main memory. When they're multiple processes to
manage the limited availability of the main memory, sometime the OS swaps the
exe process to disc. In the above case, Exe process P1, P2 and P3 in Main
memory. And P4 and P5 are kept is physical disc as temporarily suspended.
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