Classes
Simply class is collection of objects;
they are user defined but works like built-in type. Assume that we have a class
Fruit then; there will be many objects like Mango, Orange, Apple etc belonging
to the same class.
Encapsulation
Encapsulation is feature of a class that
wrap data and objects functions into a single unit.
Data
Binding
This is act of representing essential
features without including the background details or explanations. Classes use
the concept of data abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract
attributes such as size, weight, cost etc.
Inheritance
It is a process by which objects of one
class acquire the properties of objects of another class. For example, 'Robin
bird' is part of the class named 'flying bird' and 'flying bird' is part of
'Bird' class. So, 'Robin' is inheriting the properties of 'flying bird';
'flying bird' and 'non-flying bird' inheriting the properties of 'bird'.
Polymorphism
Polymorphism means the ability to take
more than one form. For example, operation of addition for two numbers
operation will return the sum but for two strings it will concatenate the
string.
Operator
Overloading
The process of making an operation to
exhibit different behaviours in different instances is known as operator
overloading.
Function
Overloading
Using a single function name to perform
different types of tasks is known as function overloading. For example, only
draw() function can draw multiple shapes circle, box, triangle etc.
Dynamic
Binding
Binding refers to the linking of a
procedure call to the code to be executed in response to the call. Dynamic
binding means that the code associated with a given procedure call is not known
until the time of the call at run-time.
Benefits
of OOP
Designers and the users get many benefits
(advantages) in OOP as listed below:
- Class is the highest one benefit of
OOP
- We eliminate the redundant of code and
extend the use of existing code
- Objects can communicate each other
using function
- Data hiding helps the programmer to
built the secure programs that can not be invaded by code in other part of the program
-
It is easy to partition the work in
project based objects
- It is easily upgraded from small to
large system
- Software complexity can be easily
managed
Application
of OOP's
Today software engineers are very excited
to work using OOPs because it is very interesting for developers and even
learners. Applications of OOP are beginning to gain importance in many areas.
The most popular application of OOP, up-to now, has been in the area of user
interface design such as windows development. Thousands of systems have been
developed using the OOP techniques. There are the list of areas where OOP are
used mostly:
- Real-Time Systems
- Object-Oriented database development
- Hypertext, Hypermedia work
- Expert systems
- Neural Networks and parallel
programming
-
Decision Support Systems
- Office automation Systems etc
Note: Continue in next part.
HAVE A HAPPY CODING!